Baking 101

Baking 101

Rely on our guide to making perfect baked goods every time.
Updated:
2009-10-18 21:00
Published:
2004-11-30 00:00
By 
Barb Holland

Baking

While a pinch of this and a splash of that is creative, when it comes to baking, accurate measuring ensures good results.

Here are some reminders as you dust off your pans and rolling pins.

Liquid measuring cups
Made of clear glass or plastic for easy reading, these cups are used for measuring liquids. Place them on a level surface and read at eye level for accuracy. New plastic angled measures make it easy to read from above.

Dry measuring cups
Have these in sizes from 1/4 to 1 cup (and metric, too) are for dry ingredients such as flour and sugar. They are designed to be filled to the top, then levelled off with a flat edge, such as a knife. To measure flour, spoon it into the measuring cups, rather than dipping the cups into the container, which compacts the flour. Then level. Brown sugar is usually lightly or firmly packed into measures. Dry cups are also useful for measuring grated cheeses, chopped vegetables and some semi-liquid ingredients such as yogurt or sour cream.

Measuring spoons
These are used for measuring small amounts of liquids and solids. New narrow measuring spoons fit easily into spice jars.

A butter measure
A handy and inexpensive plastic card that you line up against a pound of butter to cut off required amounts.

Baker's best bets:
• For efficient cookie making, have three rimless baking sheets, stainless steel scoops for scooping out even amounts of dough, non-stick parchment paper for easy clean up, and wire cooling racks.

• Cookie sheets vary in weight, colour and baking qualities. Use shiny, light-coloured, heavy, rimless cookie sheets. Dark-coloured pans absorb heat and may cause cookie bottoms to burn. Insulated (double or triple layered) cookie sheets are designed to slow down baking and promote even browning. They usually require a minute or two longer baking time and tend to produce a soft rather than crisp cookie.

• Stainless steel scoops, also known as dishers, range in size from 1 inch (2.5 cm) up to 2-5/8 inches (7 cm), with a holding capacity of 1 tsp (5 mL) up to 1/2 cup (125 mL). Look for good quality ones with a simple spring action mechanism.

Get more baking secrets from other readers in our forums.

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More baker's tips

• Keep an oven thermometer in your oven at all times. It will not control the heat, but will help determine the temperature of the oven so that you can lower or increase heat as necessary. When baking, allow ample preheat time, about 20 minutes before baking.

• For best results, use the ingredients called for in a recipe. Generally, solid margarine can be substituted for butter, but using soft margarines in baking will create a different texture and possibly cause recipe failure. For easier mixing, have butter, margarine or shortening at room temperature.

• For tender cookies, add flour gradually to creamed mixture and mix just until combined. Over-mixing cookie dough can make cookies tough.

• When rolling cookie dough, work with a small amount of dough at a time and lightly sprinkle work surface with flour to prevent sticking. Use a minimum of flour to prevent tough cookies. Also, lightly flour cookie cutters to avoid dough sticking to cutters. Brush any excess flour off cookies with a small brush before baking.

• For even cooking, use one baking sheet at a time. If your oven bakes unevenly, rotate cookie sheet halfway through cooking. Cool cookie sheet between batches, otherwise batter will spread and brown too much on the bottom. For efficient baking, three cookie sheets are ideal -- one in the oven, one you are filling and one cooling. To cool pans quickly, carefully run under cold water and then towel them dry.

• To store cookies: cool completely, don't frost them before storing, so they won't stick together. Store crisp and soft cookies separately. Store in airtight containers such as sealed plastic bags or rigid plastic containers. Parchment paper between layers will prevent cookies from sticking together. Well-wrapped cookies will keep in the freezer for up to six months.

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